The Structure Of The Air Conditioner

The structure of the air conditioner includes: compressor, condenser, evaporator, four-way valve, one-way valve capillary assembly, etc.

compressor

The working process of a tooth-to-tooth volume pair specified in an air-conditioning compressor. The gas on the side of the female screw and the male screw turning to cater to each other is compressed, and this side is called the high pressure zone; on the contrary, the side of the screw turning away from each other, the volume between the teeth is expanding and in the suction stage, which is called the low pressure zone. These two areas are separated by the contact line between the tooth surfaces of the female screw and the male screw. It can be approximated that the plane where the axis of the two screws is located is the boundary between the high and low pressure zones.

Compressed refrigerant (such as Freon) becomes liquid. Then use the heat absorption phenomenon when the liquid becomes gaseous under normal pressure for refrigeration.

The air density is very small. You take a needle tube for injection. Fill a needle tube with air, block the air outlet with your hand, and push the needle tube to compress the air. With a needle, the gas can be compressed by one-third of its volume.

Condenser

The compressor sucks in the lower-pressure working fluid vapor from the evaporator, increases its pressure and sends it to the condenser, where it is condensed into a higher-pressure liquid. After the low liquid, it is sent to the evaporator, where it absorbs heat and evaporates to become a lower pressure vapor, thereby completing the refrigeration cycle. For some applications, the gas must pass through a long tube (usually coiled into a solenoid) to allow the heat to be dissipated into the surrounding air. Thermally conductive metals such as copper are often used to transport vapor. In order to improve the efficiency of the condenser, fins are often added to the pipes to accelerate heat dissipation. The heat sink is a flat plate made of metal with good thermal conductivity.

Air conditioner condenser structure diagram:

Evaporator

The evaporator is inside the indoor unit, composed of tubes, and covered with fins. A device that concentrates a solution or separates crystal grains from a solution by heating. It is mainly composed of heating chamber and evaporation chamber. The heating chamber provides the heat needed for evaporation to the liquid to promote the boiling and vaporization of the liquid; the evaporation chamber completely separates the gas and liquid phases. The vapor generated in the heating chamber contains a large amount of liquid foam. After reaching the evaporation chamber of a larger space, these liquids can be separated from the vapor by self-condensation or defoamer.

Four-way valve

Four-way valve, the term for hydraulic valve, is a control valve with four ports. The four-way valve is an indispensable part of refrigeration equipment. Its working principle is that when the solenoid valve coil is in the power-off state, the pilot slide valve is driven by the right compression spring to move to the left, and the high pressure gas enters the capillary ① and then enters the right piston cavity. On the other hand, the gas in the left piston cavity is discharged. Because of the pressure difference between the two ends of the piston, the piston and the main slide valve move to the left, so that the exhaust pipe communicates with the outdoor unit pipe, and the other two pipes communicate to form a refrigeration cycle.

Capillary assembly

The capillary assembly includes a capillary tube and a one-way valve. Among them, the one-way valve is commonly used in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. It consists of an auxiliary capillary tube and a one-way valve. The one-way valve components of different types of air conditioners are similar. There is an arrow on the one-way valve, which indicates that the air flow can only flow in the direction of the arrow, and it will stop in the reverse direction and can only pass through the auxiliary capillary. The one-way valve assembly is installed at the bottom and rear of the outdoor unit. It is usually covered by a black shock-absorbing block, and the asphalt is used to silence the sound.

The one-way valve assembly is only used in the heating process of the air conditioner, and the one-way valve assembly does not work in the refrigeration. The role of the one-way valve assembly during heating is to increase the flow resistance of the refrigerant, reduce the flow speed of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant is fully evaporated in the outdoor unit, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor becomes a refrigerant liquid , Improve the heating effect of the air conditioner.